Someone posed me this question not long ago so I figured I would share it with everyone... However before I answer this we must first define or identify the things that make up athleticism:
Speed
Power
Agility
Balance
Strength
Flexibility
Mobility
Neuro Muscular Coordination (NMC)
Energy System Development (ESD)
So knowing what we need to train, we have to select exercises which will contribute the most positive responses to all of the aforementioned attributes. So here are my top three (tough to pick just 3), exercises to improve them. The explanations are listed next to the systems they affect.
- Clean / Snatch (ok so I know I am breaking the rule and not picking one but as they are in the same family I think I can get away with it).
- Power – In the Olympic movements as they pertain to improving sports performance speed of the bar is more important than load.
- Mobility – Even working out of the hang position you get tremendous mobility work in the shoulder complex in the snatch. If you do start the movement or end it in the low position the hip mobility focus is obvious.
- NMC – Maybe the most important one for me as it pertains to improving movement skills. The explosive triple extension plays a huge part in improving acceleration mechanics, and the pull under the bar to catch plays a significant part in improving deceleration / agility (drop of the hips).
- Strength – Not so much for absolute strength (working out of a hang and catching high) but tremendous work from a stabilization and core perspective.
- Agility – Particularly if you catch in the athletic position. These ties into the NMC of changing levels of the hips and the stabilization of not dropping too low.
- Bulgarian Squat
- Balance – You are on one leg…
- Strength – So many strength applications here. On the front side leg strength focuses on the glutes hamstrings and quads. Increased stabilization demand on the glute medius and adductors of the front side leg due to the single leg stance. Also significant eccentric for quadriceps on back side leg.
- Mobility / Flexibility – So many athletes have really tight hip flexors especially skating athletes. This exercise provides a great opportunity to open up the hip flexors.
- NMC – Not only in regards to balance but in joint positioning and kinesthetic awareness. The athlete must maintain a vertical front shin in order to maximize recruitment of the glutes and hamstrings and minimize premature quadriceps firing.
- Sled Run
- Speed – Fantastic tool for improving acceleration mechanics. The most important benefit is the rapid rate of leg exchange while maintaining proper body position. I will point out the Neural Benefits below.
- Power – Through the proper recruitment and body position we can help athletes improve and apply force into the ground.
- NMC –, Sled training lets us teach athletes to move from the hips and not the knees while maintaining proper body position. Through proper instruction we can teach them how to triple extend more efficiently so they can apply a big force, short time in the proper direction.
- ESD – If you increase the load or the duration of the sprint or drop the athletes down into a pushing position the results can have a profound effect on energy system development.
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